As per a 2023 cultural survey, over 85% of Indians across states celebrate Raksha Bandhan. Despite regional differences, the core meaning of this festival has stayed strong for centuries. It is more than just a thread on a wrist—it holds history, stories, and emotions. Let’s explore the origin of Raksha Bandhan, its mythological roots, and how the tradition began.
What is Raksha Bandhan?
Raksha Bandhan is a Hindu festival where a sister ties a rakhi (sacred thread) on her brother’s wrist. In return, the brother promises to protect her. The term ‘Raksha Bandhan’ means “bond of protection”.
Mythological Origins of Raksha Bandhan
1. Draupadi and Krishna
- Draupadi once tore a piece of her saree to bandage Krishna’s bleeding finger.
- Krishna, touched by her care, promised to protect her always.
- This became one of the earliest mentions of Raksha Bandhan in Hindu texts.
2. Indra and Indrani
- During a war between gods and demons, Indrani tied a sacred thread on Indra’s wrist.
- It gave him strength and protection.
- The war ended in Indra’s favour. Since then, Rakhi is seen as a shield of protection.
3. Yama and Yamuna
- Yamuna tied a rakhi on Yama, the god of death.
- Yama was moved and granted her immortality.
- He also declared that anyone receiving a rakhi and pledging protection would be blessed.
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Historical Stories Behind Raksha Bandhan
1. Rani Karnavati and Emperor Humayun
- In the 16th century, Rani Karnavati of Mewar sent a rakhi to Humayun.
- She asked for protection when her kingdom was under threat.
- Humayun responded and rushed to help her, though he reached late.
- This event shows how the rakhi was respected even between different faiths.
2. Rabindranath Tagore’s Rakhi Movement
- During the Bengal partition in 1905, Tagore used rakhi as a symbol of unity.
- He encouraged Hindus and Muslims to tie rakhi to one another.
- His message was to stay united beyond religion.
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Why is Raksha Bandhan Important?
| Reason | Meaning it Holds |
| Symbol of sibling love | Celebrates the bond between brothers and sisters |
| Promise of safety | Brother vows to protect his sister |
| Cultural and religious values | Rooted in Hindu beliefs and Indian history |
| Expression of unity | Promotes social harmony and emotional ties |
How Raksha Bandhan Evolved
- Earlier, Raksha Bandhan was more of a ritual for protection.
- Now, it includes gifts, sweets, and family gatherings.
- With time, it has grown into a national festival celebrated across communities.
Rakhi Across Regions
Different states have their own ways of celebrating:
| Region | Local Practice |
| North India | Sisters visit their brothers with sweets and a rakhi |
| Maharashtra | Celebrated as Narayali Purnima by fishermen |
| West Bengal & Odisha | Known as Jhulan Purnima, linked to Lord Krishna |
| South India | Focuses more on Shravan Purnima rituals |
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The history and origin of Raksha Bandhan show that it is more than a festival. It is about trust, relationships, and emotions. From mythological tales to historic moments, rakhi has always stood as a symbol of protection and love. Today, Raksha Bandhan may look modern, but its roots stay strong in Indian culture.
