“The strength of a nation lies in its people,” yet for many years, this idea was narrowly applied to who could serve in defense. Historically, military roles were seen as exclusively male, based on ideas of physical strength and combat readiness. This led to the belief that women were not suited for defense services. However, this view is increasingly challenged by changing global perspectives and the proven abilities of women in various demanding roles. The role of women in the Defence Services has become a topic of ongoing debate in India. Some people believe that physical and social limitations disqualify women for such roles. But what do the facts say?
- Over 11,000 women are currently serving in the Indian Armed Forces (as of 2025).
- Since 2020, the Indian Army has granted Permanent Commission to 111 women officers.
- India ranked 7th globally for the highest number of women in active military service (Global Firepower Index 2023).
- Women fighter pilots have been part of the Indian Air Force since 2016.
These numbers show that women are already serving and performing critical duties in various wings of the armed forces.
Myths vs Reality
| Common Belief | Reality |
| Women lack physical strength | Women undergo the same physical training as men in several roles. Many have passed the required fitness tests. |
| Unit discipline is affected | Mixed-gender units have performed well in peacekeeping missions and administrative roles globally. |
| Women cannot handle war pressure | Women have flown fighter jets, led rescue missions, and served in high-stress environments. |
| Motherhood and family duties are barriers | Male soldiers also face family responsibilities. Professional commitment is not gender-specific. |
| Combat roles are unsuitable | Countries like the US, UK, and Israel have women in full combat roles. India is gradually moving in the same direction. |
Legal and Policy Changes in Favour of Women
- 2015: The Indian Air Force opened the fighter pilot stream to women.
- 2020: The Supreme Court allowed women officers to receive Permanent Commission in the Army.
- 2023: The Agniveer scheme made both men and women eligible for short-term military service.
These legal steps prove the government’s growing trust in women’s potential.
Areas Where Women Excel in Defence Services
- Medical Corps – Women doctors and nurses are already leading critical operations.
- Legal and Engineering Wings – High participation of women in technical branches.
- Peacekeeping Operations – India has sent all-women units to UN missions, with positive feedback.
- Training and Instruction – Women officers are training the next generation of cadets.
Challenges Faced by Women Services
- Infrastructure – Lack of separate toilets and living spaces in remote areas.
- Mindset – Gender bias still exists within parts of the military.
- Promotion Delays – Historically, women have faced slower career progression in comparison to their male counterparts.
The Way Forward
To make the Defence Services truly inclusive, the system needs to:
- Provide gender-neutral policies
- Improve logistics and facilities
- Train all staff on gender sensitivity
- Ensure equal promotional opportunities
The question should not be whether women are fit for the Defence Services. Instead, we must ask: What can we do to support capable citizens, regardless of gender, to serve the nation? Women have already proven their courage, intelligence, and commitment. The Defence Services must now build systems that support them equally.
